Discuss the basic foundation and various modes of chromatography, as outlined on page 2 ff.

Figure 1. Family tree of column chromatographic methods

First, the Chromatography is divided into three categories based on mobile phases: Gas, supercritical fluid and liquid. Than it is dependent on what type of chosen columns, these categories have their branches.

Mobile phase as Gas, the stationary phases in the column will be solid or liquid. These methods refer to GSC(Gas-Solid Chromatography) and GLC(Gas-Liquid Chromatography), respectively.

Mobile phase as Supercritical fluid, the stationary phases will be solid. This methods refer to SFC(Supercritical Fluid Chromatography)

Mobile phase as liquid, the stationary phase will be solid, liquid, or micelles. There are six types of solid stationary phases dependent on the packing materials and separation mechanism.

LSC(Liquid Solid Chromatography): the dominant separation mechanism is interfacial adsorption

SEC(Size Exclusion Chromatography): solutes are separated with differences in molecular sizes. The stationary is packed by solid particles, and the pore size distribution of particles can be adjusted by using various packing methods.

IEC(Ion Exchange Chromatography): the dominant separation mechanism is electrostatic interactions between mobile phase ions and immobilized ionic groups on the solid stationary phase.

AC(Affinity Chromatography): the dominant separation mechanism is the three dimensional specificity of interaction between the molecular recognition site on the stationary phase and the sample injected.

RPC(Reversed Phase Chromatography): The most widely used in Chromatography Fields.

ECE (Capillary ElectroChromatography): The movement of the mobile phase is caused by the electroosmosis.